The design of the circuit for controlling a
DC Motor with Raspberry Pi is very simple. First, connect the pins 8 and 16 (VCC2 and VCC1) of L293D to external 5V supply (assuming you are using a 5V
Motor). There are four ground pins on L293D. Connect pin 4 to the GND of supply.
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A motor can't be controlled directly from the Raspberry Pi's GPIO pins, because it needs a variable supply of 5 volts. This means you need to power it separately. However, motor controller add-on boards can be used to provide this functionality.
